CMV, Commercial Motor Vehicle.

CLP, Commercial Learner's Permit.  Must hold your permit for 14 before you're eligible for a SKILLS TEST.  So I need a CLP.  How do I get that?  Good for 180 days.  Can renew it w/o retaking test.

P, Passenger.  Prohibited from operating CMV, Commercial Motor Vehicle.  Must complete a skills test.

S, School Bus. Prohibited from operating CMV, Commercial Motor Vehicle.  Must have a P and S endorsement.

T, Tank.  Prohibited from operating a tank vehicle unless the tank is empty.  T endorsement required to drive 2 & 3 trailers.

X, Hazardous Waste.  CVC ss353 and 15278.

GCWR, Gross Combination Weight Rating.  You need a CDL to operate a single vehicle with 26,001 lbs.

CVC, California Vehicle Code.

CFR, Code of Federal Regulation. 

A completed commercial driver's license application (DL 44C/eDL 44C) form. 

A Certificate of Driving Skills, (DL 170 ETP).  

Application Fee for CDL is good for 12 months.

STUDY TIP.  Study tip: Read the relevant sections (especially Sections 1–3 for general knowledge + air brakes/combination if needed), then highlight key rules, numbers, and definitions.

PRACTICE TESTS.

StartCDL.

Roehl Practice Tests.

Crist CDL Practice Tests.

National Training, Inc.

CR England used to offer free training.  Checkout the descriptions of each for a preview.

Swift.

Knight-Swift out of Phoenix.

J. B. Hunt out of Arkansas.  Apply to JB Hunt.

XPOLogistics out of Greenwich, Connecticut.

Old Dominion Freight Lines out of North Carolina.

LTL, Less Than Truckload.  from Climb,

The Less-Than-Truckload (LTL) model accommodates shipments typically ranging from one to six pallets. These shipments are too large for standard parcel service but too small to justify a Full Truckload (FTL) carrier. This system allows several shippers to share the space and cost of a single trailer, maximizing equipment utilization. LTL carriers primarily rely on a hub-and-spoke distribution model to manage this consolidated freight.

this might be relevant,

Last-mile delivery costs account for 53% of shipping expenses, making network optimization crucial for businesses to maintain profitability while meeting customer demands for faster delivery. 

FIND TRUCKING JOBS.  All Truck Jobs.  And Smart-Trucking.

VIDEOS ON CDL PRE-INSPECTION TRIP.  Here.

CDL GENERAL KNOWLEDGE, 2026.  Here.