Wednesday, November 20, 2013

Drivers License Classes

From eHow:

In most states, licenses fall into A, B, C and M classes. Classes A, B and C are further broken down by commercial and non-commercial vehicles. These three classes cover cars, trucks and tractor trailers. In addition, the A, B and C classes each have separate weight restrictions for both the main operational vehicle and any items being towed.

The basic Class C license allows you to drive two and three-axle vehicles up to a certain weight (in California, 26,000 lbs. and 6,000 lbs., respectively). The Class C license is the standard "driver's license." With a Class C, you can transport up to 16 passengers. A commercial Class C license can contain endorsements that allow the driver to transport hazardous materials or more than 16 passengers.

Illustration on how to count axles.  Class of truck as shown above is based on the truck's weight.


Truck with 2 axlesTruck with 2 axles
Truck with 3 axlesTruck with 3 axles
Combination of road vehicles with 3 axlesCombination of road vehicles with 3 axles
(Truck with 2 axles and semi-trailer with 1 axle)
Truck with 4 axlesTruck with 4 axles
Combination of road vehicles with 4 axlesCombination of road vehicles with 4 axles
(Truck with 2 axles and semi-trailer with 2 axles)
Combination of road vehicles with 5 axlesCombination of road vehicles with 5 axles
(Truck with 3 axles and semi-trailer with 2 axles)
Combination of road vehicles with 5 axlesCombination of road vehicles with 5 axles
(Truck with 2 axles, semi-trailer with 1 axle, 1 removable axle and semi-trailer with 1 axle)
Combination of road vehicles with 6 or more axlesCombination of road vehicles with 6 or more axles
(Truck with 3 axles and trailer with 3 or more axles)
Combination of road vehicles with six or more axlesCombination of road vehicles with six or more axles
(Truck with 3 axles and semi-trailer with more than three axles)

3-axle vehicle


2-axle vehicle:


(CDL) Commercial Driver's License
Class A: Combination vehicle--tractor plus trailer--of 26,000 lb (11,790 kg) or more. Includes split (coupled) buses.

Class B: Single, straight vehicle of 26,000 lb (11,790 kg) or more (includes most buses including articulated buses; see articulated vehicles: any vehicle with a pivoting joint for greater turning radius). Also includes combination vehicles for commercial use weighing less than 26,000 lb GVW.

Articulated bus


Class C: Commercial vehicle that doesn't fit classes A or B, but is placarded for hazardous materials or is intended to carry more than 15 persons (excluding Georgia.) May include heavy-duty non-commercial vehicles with trailers capable of carrying over 16,000 lb, and all vehicles that can carry over 16,000 lb but not more than 25,999 lb.

Class C licenses are issued in most states in both commercial and non-commercial status. A non-commercial Class C license may not be used for hire. Most recreational vehicles that do not fall into the class D/E category, such as converted buses or full size (greater than 40 feet) campers require a non-commercial Class C license.

CDL ENDORSEMENTS: 
According to Wikipedia, "Professional drivers are usually required to add endorsements to their CDL in order to drive certain types of vehicles that require additional training, such as those equipped with air brakes. CDL endorsements are also common among all states, and the training and testing requirements are regulated by the US Department of Transportation. Endorsements are as follows:

P: Passenger Transport (buses carrying 16 or more persons, vans for hire carrying 11 or more persons in California) 
H: Hazardous Materials (requires a TSA background check as well as an extensive written exam. The driver must be a US Citizen or permanent lawful resident to obtain an H or X endorsement.) 
M: Metal coil 
N: Tank Vehicles (Required for carrying liquids in bulk.) 
T: Double/Triple Trailers (Road trains) (Class A licenses only.) 
X: Hazardous Materials and Tank Combination 
L: Air Brakes 
S: School Bus (In addition to a standard bus endorsement, more stringent TSA and CORI background checks are required.)

The Commercial Class B license allows you to operate vehicles up to a certain amount (for instance, 26,000 lbs. in California) and tow commercial trailers up to a certain amount (usually 10,000 lbs). Commercial Class B drivers can also operate non-commercial Class B vehicles and tow vehicles that Class C drivers can tow.

With a Commercial Class A license, you can operate all Class B and C vehicles and tow all commercial vehicles, regardless of weight. On the non-commercial side, a Class A license allows operation and towing of all vehicles and trailers except commercial vehicles, motorcycles and other vehicles that require additional endorsements.

Driving a motorcycle requires a Class M license. Depending on the state, M licenses may fall into more than one category. In California, for instance, an M1 license is required to operate standard motorcycles and an M2 license is needed for motorized bikes.


California Commercial Driver License Handbook California Driver License Classes
         
You May Drive… And You May Tow… Examples…
With a Commercial Class A License:
Any legal combination of vehicles, including vehicles under Class B and Class C.
  • any single vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of more than 10,000 lbs.
  • any trailer bus, with endorsement OR more than one vehicle, with endorsement
  • any vehicles under Class B and C
Image of a trailer

Image of a semi truck

Image of a truck
With a Restricted Class A Fire Fighter License:
Only Class A and Class B defined combination fire fighting vehicles and all vehicles listed under Class C.
  • a single fire fighting vehicle with a GVWR of more than 10,000 lbs.
  • any fire fighting vehicle under Class B or any vehicle under Class C
  • more than one fire fighting vehicle, with endorsement
Image of a fire fighting vehicle

Image of a trailer

Image of a trailer
With a Noncommercial Class A License: Any vehicles under Class C.
  • travel trailers weighing over 10,000 lbs. GVWR, not used for hire.
  • 5th-wheel travel trailers weighing over 15,000 lbs., not used for hire.
With a vehicle weighing 4,000 lbs. or more unladen, you may tow a:
livestock trailer exceeding 10,000 lbs. GVWR but not exceeding 15,000 lbs. GVWR if the vehicle is controlled and operated by a farmer, used to transport livestock to or from a farm, not used in commerce or contract carrier operations, and is used within 150 miles of the person's farm.
Image of an R V

Image of an R V trailer

Image of a truck
With a Commercial Class B License:
  • a single vehicle with a GVWR of more than 26,000 lbs.
  • a 3-axle vehicle weighing over 6,000 lbs.
  • a bus (except a trailer bus), with endorsement
  • any farm labor vehicle, with endorsement
  • all vehicles under Class C
  • a single vehicle with a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less
  • any vehicle a Class C licensed driver may tow
Image of a semi

Image of a bus

Image of a semi truck

Image of a bus

Image of a trailer

Image of a fire truck

Image of a small trailer

Image of a trailer
With a Restricted Class B Fire Fighter License: Only a Class B defined single fire fighting vehicle and all the vehicles listed under Class C.
With a Noncommercial Class B License:
  • any vehicles under Class C
  • any housecar over 40' but not over 45', with endorsement
With a Basic Class C License:
  • a 2-axle vehicle with a GVWR of 26,000 lbs. or less
  • a 3-axle vehicle weighing 6,000 lbs. or less gross
  • a motorized scooter
  • any housecar 40' or less
A farmer or employee of a farmer may also drive:
  • any combination of vehicles with a Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) of 26,000 lbs. or less if used exclusively in agricultural operations and it is not for hire or compensation.

With a Commercial Class C License:
Any Class C vehicle carrying hazardous materials which requires placards. The hazardous materials (HAZMAT) endorsement must be on the license. Drivers who transport hazardous wastes, as defined by VC §§353 and 15278, are also required to have the HAZMAT endorsement.
  • a single vehicle with a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less including a tow dolly, if used.
With a vehicle weighing 4,000 lbs. or more unladen, you may tow a:
  • trailer coach not exceeding 9,000 lbs. gross.
  • trailer coach or 5th-wheel travel trailer under 10,000 lbs. GVWR when towing is not for compensation
  • 5th-wheel travel trailer exceeding 10,000 lbs. but not exceeding 15,000 lbs. GVWR, when towing is not for compensation and with endorsement.
NOTE: No passenger vehicle regardless of weight, may tow more than one vehicle. No motor vehicle under 4,000 lbs. unladen may tow any vehicle weighing 6,000 lbs. or more gross. (VC §21715)
Image of a pickup truck
Image of a sedan
image of an automobile
Image of an R V

Image of a truck
Image of a semi truck

Image of a semi truck

Image of a trailer


Image of an R V truck

Image of a trailer

Image of a trailer
With a Class M1 License:
Two-wheel motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized scooter.
NOTES:
  • Class M1 or M2 is added to any other class license after passing law and skill tests.
Image of a motorcycle

Image of a moped
With a Class M2 License:
Motorized bicycle, moped, any bicycle with an attached motor, or motorized scooter.
 
 


 

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